Burrell: 'I wanted to continue my rugby career'
Warning: This piece contains details of racially offensive comments and behaviour
Ex-England player Luther Burrell says that going public to expose racial discrimination in professional rugby led his career to an early end.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell described racism as being "rife" in the game, displaying digital communications and recalling training ground "comments" he had been subject to while playing for Newcastle.
Then 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only professional rugby since has been a handful of games with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I have definitely had to end my career because of what occurred," he told reporters.
"I really wanted to carry on playing, naturally I did. I sought that, and it collapsed when news came out that there were inquiries going on.
"That was challenging - I had to simply come to terms with the fate and understand that this whole process is a lot bigger than me."
A sports organization report in April 2023 found Burrell's claims were true "likely correct", but said it could not gather enough proof to categorically say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's Six Nations games in 2014-15, but was controversially overlooked for their team for the 2015 tournament
Burrell revealed to media he also faced discrimination within the England team environment, during a Test career that saw him win 15 caps after his debut in 2014.
"I've had several distressing experiences within England camp," he said.
"Certain instances of discrimination and other just old-school mentality that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become normalised in dressing rooms, in Burrell's experience.
"This is something that has been dressed up as banter and that's been the issue that I've myself suffered and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"During a extended period you just begin to believe that it's the norm and that is acceptable and that it's not malicious, but that's incorrect."
Burrell says he was eventually motivated to go public after a team-mate at Newcastle called him as a "enslaved person" and told him to put sunscreen on his arms and legs "where your shackles were."
The rugby authority said Burrell's disclosures had led to "a deeper look at the environment within the professional level and to the introduction of an action plan for the professional game."
"The organization has placed considerable focus on inclusion and diversity in the sport and a substantial amount of work completed both before and since Luther Burrell spoke publicly and revealed his experiences of racism and class discrimination," it added.
"The organization are ongoing work with clubs and partners in the professional game to work for a environment of inclusivity but acknowledge this requires patience and is an continuous effort."
Every Prem and women's rugby club now has face-to-face education on creating welcoming cultures, with its success tracked via specific documentation and feedback.
All England players, including youth squads, are educated in being "engaged observers" to step in and defend others from harmful conduct.
"You should be so proud of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the documentary Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"We know it has had this impact on you and ended your playing days, but in our view, you have achieved so well. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's dad Geoff passed away soon after the filming of the film, and his sibling died recently.
Burrell, who was raised on a social housing in his hometown, continues his work to make the game more open.
His 12 Foundation works to reach young people in under-served communities and help them succeed both on the field with free sports coaching, mentoring and dietary education.
"My personal motivations are genuine, I want to see the progress of the game and if others is willing to tell their story then I'll persist to advocate for that fight because I'm not just doing this for myself," he said.
"We have an responsibility to make the sport as great as it can be and the more I talk about it hopefully the more confident others will become about discussing their personal experiences as well.
"I take the bull by the opportunity and continue bearing this flag and keep supporting this weight and do what I can to develop opportunities and make the sport more appealing and more welcoming.
"There's a lot of disadvantaged young people and a lot of poverty and I sincerely believe that the sport has the ability to transform their lives, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored a try for the Barbarians on a return to former club Northampton in late 2022